A new study has some people thinking twice about kissing their bearded partners, or maybe even letting those with beards kiss the baby—but there’s a lot to unpack here.

According to Swiss researchers, bearded men are carrying around more bacteria than dogs do. A lot more. But read on before you send dad off to the bathroom with a razor and ask him to pull a Jason Momoa (yes, he’s recently clean-shaven. RIP Aquaman’s beard).

As the BBC reports, scientists swabbed the beards of 18 men and the necks of 30 dogs. When they compared the samples, they learned beards have a higher bacterial load than dog fur.

Dudes who love their beards are already clapping back against the way the science was reported in the media though, noting that the sample size in this study was super small and, importantly, that the scientists didn’t swab any beardless men.

The study wasn’t even about beards, really. The point of the study, which was published in July 2018 in the journal European Radiology, was to determine if veterinarians could borrow human MRI machines to scan dogs without posing a risk to human patients.

“Our study shows that bearded men harbour significantly higher burden of microbes and more human-pathogenic strains than dogs,” the authors wrote, noting that when MRI scanners are used for both dogs and humans, they’re cleaned very well after veterinary use, and actually have a “lower bacterial load compared with scanners used exclusively for humans.”

Another important point to note is that most bacteria aren’t actually dangerous to humans, and some can be really good for us (that’s why some scientists want us to let our kids get dirty).

This little study wasn’t supposed to set off a beard panic, it was just supposed to prove that dogs and people can safely share an MRI machine. There is previous research on beards and bacteria though, that suggests they’re not all bad.

Another study done in 2014 and published in the Journal of Hospital Infection looked at a much larger sample of human faces (men who work in healthcare), both bearded and clean shaven, and actually found that people who shaved their faces were carrying around more Staph bacteria than those with facial hair.

“Overall, colonization is similar in male healthcare workers with and without facial hair; however, certain bacterial species were more prevalent in workers without facial hair,” the researchers wrote.

A year after that, a local news station in New Mexico did its own “study” on beards, one that wasn’t super scientific but did go viral and prompted a flurry of headlines insisting beards are as dirty as toilets. That claim has been debunked.

So, before you ban bearded people from kissing the baby (or yourself) consider that we all have some bacteria on our faces. Dads should certainly wash their beards well, but they’re not as dirty as a toilet.

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